Since the discovery of the temple, the smallest of the religious buildings of Pompeii, it sparked a vivacious debate on the divinity that was worshiped here. On the basis of an inscription in the Oscan language it was thought that the temple was dedicated to Jupiter Meilichios (sweet as honey), a deity linked to the underworld whose places of worship usually stood outside the village. Most probably the temple was dedicated to Asclepius, patron of medicine, as indicated by the discovery of a terracotta statue, today at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples, and a medical kit. At the centre of the courtyard there is the tuff altar; a steep staircase leads to the temple with four columns on the façade and two on the sides, with Corinthian capitals decorated with a bearded male head. In the cell there were the foundations of the cult statues of Asclepius and Hygeia. The temple was probably built between the 3rd and the 2nd century BC.

Date of excavation: 1766-1798; 1869; 1940.